Tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) are a species of large predatory shark known for their distinctive pattern of dark vertical stripes or spots on their body. While there is only one recognized species of tiger shark, there are different populations or ecotypes of tiger sharks that exhibit some regional variations in behavior and habitat preferences. Here are a few notable tiger shark ecotypes:
- Coastal Tiger Sharks: These tiger sharks are commonly found in coastal areas, including shallow waters, nearshore habitats, and reef environments. They often have a higher occurrence in tropical and subtropical regions. Coastal tiger sharks feed on a variety of prey, including fish, turtles, crustaceans, and occasionally marine mammals.
- Offshore Tiger Sharks: Offshore tiger sharks are known for their preference for deeper offshore waters. They tend to inhabit pelagic or open ocean environments, including continental slopes and seamounts. These tiger sharks may have different dietary preferences compared to their coastal counterparts and often feed on squid, bony fishes, and other pelagic species.
- Island-associated Tiger Sharks: Some tiger sharks are associated with islands and archipelagos, where they exhibit certain behavioral patterns. They may visit these areas to take advantage of the prey available, such as seabirds, seals, and other marine animals.
It’s worth noting that these classifications are not strict divisions, and there can be overlap and variation within the tiger shark population. Tiger sharks are known for their versatility and wide-ranging diet, which contributes to their ability to adapt to various marine habitats.